India among countries most vulnerable, least prepared for automation in Asia Pacific
- Agriculture, manufacturing, and construction most at risk of impact from automation
- India ranks fifth for automation risk, ninth for preparedness
Autodesk, Inc. (NASDAQ: ADSK) today released
The Future of Work is Now: Is APAC Ready? research study by Deloitte, commissioned by
Autodesk Foundation. Exploring
the state of automation and the future of work across 12
APAC countries including Australia, Bangladesh, India, Indonesia,
Japan, Korea, Myanmar, Pakistan, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand,
and Vietnam, the report
aims to help identify the labour markets most vulnerable to
technological disruption in APAC and propose solutions to help
workforces thrive as automation becomes a reality.
The research finds India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan are most at
risk and least prepared for the coming wave of automation. In
particular,
India
ranks fifth highest in terms of the impact from automation and ninth in
terms of their level preparedness for this impact. The country faces a
greater likelihood of being impacted by automation due to larger
employment shares in agriculture, manufacturing, and construction, all
identified as high-risk industries by the report.
COVID-19 has greatly accelerated the adoption of automation
across the world. According to the report, close to half of all
businesses intend to increase their adoption of robotic process
automation over the next year.
“Automation creates opportunities for new, more
meaningful types of work as it replaces mundane or repetitive manual
tasks, but the state of preparedness of countries and industries will
determine whether they benefit from these advances.
Improving digital literacy, supporting disadvantaged workers, and
putting in place the right infrastructure and skills will help create
new
roles that workers can transition into,” said Rajeev Mittal, Regional Director, India & SAARC, Autodesk.
Construction, agriculture and mining most at risk of automation
-
Construction
Though India’s construction sector is most likely to be automated,
its construction sector is the fifth most vulnerable, ahead of
Pakistan, Indonesia, Bangladesh and Myanmar and the Philippines,
respectively due to these countries greater extent of disadvantage. With
a high proportion of routine and manual tasks and low year-on-year
global productivity growth (1%, over the past 20 years to 2017), the
construction industry is the most likely to be one of the hardest hit by
automation across all countries in APAC.
-
Agriculture
India, the Philippines and Indonesia
have
a higher likelihood of automation for the sector, even as Pakistan’s
agri-sector was at the highest risk of impact from automation. Increased
demand for food and sustainable farming methods
is expected to lead to higher adoption of automation and digital
solutions. Technologies such as AI can also help reduce spoilage,
increase productivity, and add US$9 billion to farmer incomes.
-
Mining
India’s
mining sector has the second-highest risk of impact from automation
after Bangladesh. The sector's vulnerability to automation stems from
its relatively low skill requirements, its
high degree of routine and manual tasks, and use of direct physical
activity to operate machinery. Mining comprises less than 1% of the
workforce in 10 out of 12 countries analysed, suggesting that automation
in mining is well-underway.
"The pandemic has accelerated demand for automation across
sectors, which will greatly transform how companies in India do
business.
Autodesk’s view has long been that automation
creates opportunity, but only if we are deliberate about giving workers
the skills they need to thrive in a new era of automation. That means
new
credentialing and certification programs to give them the skills they need to succeed, partnerships across the public and private sector to make
workforce development a priority, and much more,” Mittal added.
Getting Proactive To Address The Risks of Automation
As well as identifying the challenges facing regions and industries in
APAC, the report also highlights a series of proactive steps that should
be taken to harness the benefits and address the risks, including:
-
Increasing awareness of the need to adapt, changing the narrative
in these regions to focus on the opportunities created in terms of
higher, value-add activities rather than the risk of job losses created
by automation
-
Fund industry-specific programmes for digital transformation
helping smaller businesses to access new, digital technologies to help
accelerate automation usage and adoption
-
Invest in learning programmes to help disadvantaged workers and
build resilience, promoting the uptake of reskilling or upskilling
courses to help workers continually reinvent themselves in an
ever-evolving environment of disruption
Implementing these initiatives
can smooth the transition to a more adaptable and resilient workforce to
thrive in the future of work.
APAC is a diverse region and the
challenges facing individual countries when it comes to automation are
vastly different. However, the report points to one common conclusion,
regardless of geography—that automation will create
opportunity if the right support mechanisms are put in place and the
focus is put squarely on helping workers to succeed.